The Relevance of a Guru
A Teachers' Day Special

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The guru-shishya relationship has been the sacred cornerstone of our religious and educational traditions in general and music education in particular. Our religious and mythological tomes abound with stories and themes of guru bhakti. There are several instances of mythical characters enjoying the fruits of their guru's benevolence and an equal number of instances wherein a guru's wrath or displeasure has resulted in dire consequences for the unfortunate disciple.

In our musical ethos too, the tradition of oral transfer of musical concepts from guru to shishya reigns supreme to this day. Composers through the ages have crafted many kritis in praise of the "Guru", the most well-known being Tyagaraja's "Guruleka Etuvanti". Mysore Vasudevachar's "Gurukripa Leka" is another example. The Tanjore Quartette's deep guru-bhakti was to such an extent that they used the mudra "Guruguha Dasa" in their compositions as a tribute to Muttuswami Dikshitar. In today's world of fleeting relationships, momentary pleasures (and tape-recorded music lessons!), a teacher's value and the respect he or she enjoys has diminished drastically. Let this Teacher's Day be an occasion to pause and reflect on the importance of the guru-shishya parampara and to reinforce the concept of Guru Bhakti, however old-fashioned it may sound! Here is a collection of slokas from our religious texts that talk about the "Guru":

 
gurur brahmā gurur vishnu gurur dźvo mahźshvaraha
gururźva parambrahmā tasmai srī guravź namaha || 
 
The Guru is none other than Brahma, the Creator. The Guru is none other 
than Vishnu, the Preserver. The Guru is none other than the great God 
Shiva, the Destroyer. The Guru is verily the supreme Brahman. To the divine Guru I bow. 
 
akhanda mandalākāram vyāptam yźna charācharam |
tat padam darshitam yźna tasmai srī guravź namaha || 
 
I bow to the divine Guru, who reveals to one the divine Being that 
encircles and permeates the moving and the non-moving. 
 
agnāna timirāndasya gnānānjanashalākayā |
chakshurunmīlitam yźna tasmai srī guravź namaha || 
 
I bow to the divine Guru, who by the application of the collyrium of 
knowledge, opens the eyes of one blinded by the disease of ignorance. 
 
sthāvaram jangamam vyāptam yźna krutsnam charācharam |
tatpadam darshitam yźna tasmai srī guravź namaha || 
 
I bow to the divine Guru, who has made it possible to realise Him by 
whom all this world, animate and inanimate, movable and immovable, is pervaded. 
 
chidrūpena parivyāptam trailōkyam sacharācharam |
tatpadam darshitam yźna tasmai srī guravź namaha || 
 
I bow to the divine Guru, who has made it possible to realise Him who 
as consciousness pervades the three worlds, with their movable and immovable objects. 
 
sarvashruti shirōratna samudhbhāsita mūrtayź |
vedantāmbuja suryāya tasmai srī guravź namaha || 
 
I bow to the divine Guru, whose form is radiant with the jewel of 
Vedanta and who is the sun that causes the lotus of Vedanta to blossom. 
 
chaitanyasshāshvatah shāntō vyōmātītōniranjanaha |
bindunādakalātīta tasmai srī guravź namaha || 
 
I bow to the divine Guru, who is the supreme spirit, eternal and 
serene, beyond ether, pure, beyond Bindu, Nāda and Kalā - the subtle 
aspects of the mystic syllable `ōm'. 
 
gnānashakti samārūda tatvamālā vibhūshitaha |
bhukti muktipradātā cha tasmai srī guravź namaha || 
 
I bow to the divine Guru, who is established in knowledge and power, 
who is adorned with the garland of knowledge and who grants both prosperity and liberation. 
 
anźka janma samprāpta karmabandha vidāhinź |
atma gnānapradānźna tasmai srī guravź namaha || 
 
I bow to the divine Guru who imparts to the disciple the fire of self-
knowledge, and burns away his bonds of Karma accumulated through many births. 
 
shōshanam bhavasindhōshcha prāpanam sārasampadaha |
yasya padōdakam samyak tasmai srī guravź namaha || 
 
I bow to the divine Guru whose grace completely dries up the ocean of 
the Samsāra (relative existence) and makes one realize the Supreme wealth. 
 
na gurōradhikam tatvam na gurōradhikam tapaha |
tatvagnānāt param nāsti tasmai srī guravź namaha || 
 
There is no higher truth than Guru, no higher penance than service to 
the Guru, and nothing higher than Realisation. Salutations to that divine Guru ! 
 
mannātah srījagannātho madguruh srījagadguruhu | 
mamātma sarva bhūtātmā tasmai srī guravź namaha || 
 
I bow to the true divine Guru. He, my Lord is the Lord of the 
Universe. He, my Guru is the Guru of the Universe. He, my Self, is the Self of the Universe. 
 
gururādiranādishcha guruh paramadaivatam |
gurōh parataram nāsti tasmai srī guravź namaha || 
 
The Guru is the beginning of the Universe, yet he himself is without 
a beginning; the Guru is the highest deity; there is none higher than the Guru.
Salutations to that divine Guru ! 
 
brahmānandam paramasukhadam kźvalam gnānamūrthim
dvandvātitam gaganasadrusham tatvamasyādilakshyam |
źkam nityam vimalamachalam sarvadhīsākshībhūtam
bhāvātītam trigunarahitam sadgurum tam namāmi || 
 
I bow to the Guru, who is the embodiment of the bliss of Brahman, the 
giver of greatest beatitude, the absolute, the personification of the 
highest knowledge; who is beyond the pairs of opposites (like 
pleasure and pain) and untouched by evil, like the sky; whom "Thou 
art That" and similar scriptual passages have in view; the one 
without a second, the eternal, the pure, the immovable, the witness 
of all mental modifications, abiding ever beyond thoughts and attributes. 
 

Adi Sankara on Guru
 
Jagatguru Adi Sankaracharya, who lived in the 8th century A.D. is 
indisputably among the greatest philosophers that India, or the 
world, has ever produced. He combined in himself the attributes of a 
philosopher, a devotee, a mystic, a poet and a religious reformer. 
During the brief span of 32 years of life, Sankara established firmly 
the Advaita Vedanta philosophy as the essential unifying basis of the 
Hindu religion, and brought about religious harmony, 
spiritual coherence and moral regeneration of the country. Presented here are two 
stanzas from his famous hymn to Dakshināmūrti, the silent Guru of Gurus. 
 
vishvam darpanadrushyamānanagarīthulyam nijāntargatam
pashyannātmani māyayā bahirivodbhootam yathā nidrayā|
yah sākshāt kurutź prabōdhasamayź
swātmānamźvādvayam
tasmai srī gurumūrtayź nama idam srī dakshināmūrthayź || 
 
I offer my salutations to that beneficent being who is incarnate as 
the preceptor (Guru). He, the Atman, appearing as the individual soul 
through the power of ignorance, sees (in the waking state)- as one 
does in sleep-the Universe, which in reality exists within himself, as 
something external, like a city seen reflected in a mirror. But in 
his enlightened state he realizes his own self, the one without a second. 
 
yasyaiva sphuranam sadatmakamasatkalpārthakam bhāsatź
sākshāt tatvamasīti vźdavachasā sōbodhayatyāshritān |
yat sākshāt karanādbhavźnna punarāvrittir bhavāmbhōnidhau
tasmai srī gurumūrtayź nama idam srī dakshināmūrtayź || 
 
I offer my salutations to that beneficent being who is incarnate as 
the preceptor (Guru), the light of whose absolute existence shines 
forth in the world of appearance, who imparts to the disciple the 
holy teaching 'That Thou Art', upon realizing which the soul never 
again returns to the ocean of birth and death.
 


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